structure of carbohydrates download free

See Figure 1 for an illustration of the structure of common monosaccharides: No. Common five-carbon sugars (n=5 C 5H 10O 5) are known as ribose and d eoxyribose and are found in many important biological molecules such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and ATP. Fructose is found in fruit sugars whereas, galactose is found in milk sugars.

All three of these monosaccharides have more than one carbon that is asymmetric. They have the same chemical formulae as glucose (C 6H 12O 6) however, vary in their structural formula because of the different arrangements of functional groups that surround the asymmetric carbon central atom (Figure 1). Other common monosaccharides that only contain one sugar molecule are fructose and g alactose. The presence of an aldehyde is indicated by the prefix aldo- and a ketone has a prefix of a keto- (Figure 1). A carbonyl group present at the end of the carbon chain is known as an aldehyde group and the monosaccharide is known as an aldose whereas if the carbonyl group is within the chain any other position it is called a ketone group now and the monosaccharide is a ketose. The common suffix for monosaccharide names ends with -ose. When looking at the monosaccharide in an open chain there is a carbonyl group where one of the carbon atoms is double-bonded to oxygen (C=O) and the other carbon atoms are a hydroxyl group (C-OH).

The backbones of common monosaccharides are unbranched carbon chains that range from three to seven carbon atoms where the most common is known as glucose. Structure and function of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides What are the functions of carbohydrates?.

What carbohydrates are present in milk and honey?.

What are the three main classes of carbohydrates?.

Structure and function of carbohydrates: Monosaccharides.

Structure of carbohydrates download free